This sleep disorder mostly affects people who are blind, but can also affect sighted individuals. Non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder: Non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder is characterized by a constantly shifting circadian rhythm, so a person’s sleep-wake cycle changes slightly each day.Irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder: People with irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder don’t have a defined circadian rhythm, leaving them feeling sleepy or having symptoms of insomnia at different points in the day.This disorder is most often diagnosed in older adults. Advanced sleep-wake phase disorder: In advanced sleep-wake disorder, a person’s circadian rhythm causes them to fall asleep and wake up earlier than what is typical.This delay in their circadian rhythm can cause issues in their work, school, or personal lives because they might not be able to get enough sleep to function well. Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: Common in adolescents, people with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder have a sleep schedule that is later than what is typical.Circadian rhythms are near 24-hour cycles in the body that control the timing of various processes, including when a person sleeps and wakes up.Īs a group, these disorders affect less than 1% of the general population, though they occur more frequently in adolescents, young adults, and people with mental health conditions. Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake DisordersĬircadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders are conditions in which a person’s circadian rhythm is disrupted or out of sync with their surroundings. Additionally, many people with abnormal nighttime breathing meet the criteria for multiple sleep-related breathing disorders.
While hypoxemia during sleep is often caused by hypoventilation or another sleep disorder, this is not always the case.Įach of these four groups can be further broken down based on the underlying cause of abnormal breathing. Sleep-related hypoxemia disorder: Hypoxemia describes low levels of oxygen in the blood.People with sleep-related hypoventilation disorders have high carbon dioxide and low oxygen levels throughout the night. Sleep-related hypoventilation disorders: In these disorders, a sleeper doesn’t breathe quickly or deeply enough to meet the body’s demands.Unlike obstructive sleep apnea, though, this condition is caused by problems with the signals that are sent from the brain to control breathing. Central sleep apnea syndromes: Central sleep apnea also involves periods of shallow or paused breathing.Episodes are caused by a blockage in the airway. Obstructive sleep apnea disorders: Obstructive sleep apnea describes repeated episodes in which breathing becomes shallow or stops during sleep.Researchers estimate that between 2% and 4% of adults have a sleep-related breathing disorder. Chronic insomnia disorder: When the symptoms of insomnia are more persistent - happening at least three days a week for three months or more - a doctor may diagnose chronic insomnia.Īs the name implies, sleep-related breathing disorders are a category of sleep disorders in which a person experiences abnormal breathing during sleep.Often related to stress, short-term insomnia can sometimes develop into a chronic condition. Short-term insomnia disorder: Short-term insomnia describes fleeting symptoms of sleeplessness that last for less than three months.Insomnia may be diagnosed as short-term or chronic. Insomnia occurs when people who have plenty of opportunities for rest find themselves unable to fall asleep, waking during the night, or waking up earlier than they’d like. In fact, insomnia is one of the most common reasons why adults look for medical care. These main categories include:Īffecting as many as two-thirds of adults, insomnia is the most widespread sleep disorder in the United States. The third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3) describes 60 sleep disorders, divided into seven categories. The most widely used system for classifying sleep disorders is produced by the American Academy for Sleep Medicine (AASM). They also help to determine when a person’s symptoms may be normal and when they require treatment. These systems help researchers study sleep issues and provide a framework that helps doctors diagnose and treat sleep disorders. Sleep disorders can affect when you are able to fall asleep, how much sleep you get, and the quality of your sleep.Ĭlassification systems are used to organize different types of sleep disorders. Sleep disorders are conditions that disrupt healthy sleep and also cause daytime symptoms.
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